Winter progress
Andrea — January 2, 2012
Due to some prior commitments, Eli pulled his crew from our job for much of November and December, and the pace of our construction slowed down accordingly. Eli already had a busy year lined up when we first called him last spring, but he couldn't resist the lure of building southern Vermont's first (almost) Passive House. He was able to pull it off thanks to a lot of schedule-shuffling, and once we were weathered in it was our turn to be shuffled.
Fortunately, I am such a sporadic blogger that I still have heaps of photos to share. And things are swinging back into high gear, so there should be more rapid and dramatic progress soon.
Let the photos commence! Our solar panels went up in November — 3.96 kW of DC goodness. We're not hooked up yet, but that will happen by the end of this month.

The plumbing work began — I suspect a lot of rough plumbing looks like something drawn by M.C. Escher, but ours is pretty over-the-top:

With Eli's team off in Guilford, we hired a pair of building pros to put up our exterior polyiso (rigid foam) insulation , housewrap, and strapping. We probably won't put up the siding until spring, which means our house will have that classy Typar look for several months. Eli once mused that they ought to sell housewrap printed to look like painted clapboards, but that most Vermonters would then never bother putting up real siding on top of it. I concur.
Anyway, here's the polyiso going up the north wall:

I am pleased to report that Ted's collarbone surgery was a success and that he is recovering nicely. This means that he is back in the DIY saddle, and for the last week we've been busy constructing the two loft spaces.
Ted at the chopsaw:

Before sharing the photos, I should explain the two loft spaces. We haven't built any of the upstairs interior walls yet, because we want to install the ceiling drywall all at once, creating a nice uninterrupted vapor-barrier. But we can't put up drywall until the roof insulation goes in, and it's hard to do any of that with a ceiling that's 25 feet high in spots (above the staircase and the two-story dining area).
Ted and I therefore decided to build the two loft platforms — one is a utility loft over the upstairs office area (it will house the PV inverter and the heat recovery ventilator), and the other is a cozy space we've dubbed the "manatee cave." Ted and I are inordinately fond of manatees (especially dwarf land manatees), and we thought that a manatee cave was much more original than a mere man-cave.
Anyway, here's the upstairs before we started building the lofts:

And here it is afterward:

The manatee cave is on the left, and in the foreground you can see the utility loft. Today we built a temporary platform connecting the two lofts (to facilitate the insulation and drywall work), and tomorrow we plan to build a platform between the utility loft and the west wall, which is where the curved staircase will go (the current staircase is merely temporary).
This last photo won't be very exciting to anyone but a building science geek, but it is very exciting to us. It's the readout from our first blower-door test, taken in December. A blower-door test quickly measures how much a house leaks. If Ted and I want to achieve Passivhaus certification, we need to build an insanely tight house (0.6 air exchanges per hour when pressurized to 50 pascals, roughly equivalent to 0.04 air exchanges per hour in a non-pressurized house).
We had no intention of running a blower-door test this early, because we haven't begun to seal the obvious leaks. The walls and roof are already very tight, but we can still see daylight at the window corners, and the exterior subfloor is completely absent (we need to finish the rough plumbing and electrical work first). But we wanted to insulate the roof so we could put up the ceiling drywall and build the interior walls, so we arranged a preliminary blower-door test to check for leaks around the roof (much harder to fix once the insulation is in). We taped over some of the gaping leak points to prevent them from wrecking the test altogether, but otherwise we haven't done any post-construction sealing.
We weren't expecting a result anywhere near the Passivhaus requirement. So we were quite happily gobsmacked to discover we're very nearly there:
The readout shows that the pressurized house is leaking at 227 CFM, which in our house converts to 0.65 ACH@50Pa. Which means that before we've even insulated or added the ZIP-sheathing subfloor, we are within spitting distance of the rigorous Passivhaus requirement. The test was run by Bill Hulstrunk of National Fiber, and he said that of the thousands of houses he's tested, this was the tightest house he'd ever seen. I am too superstitious to remove the "Almost" from the name of this website, but things are looking good in that department!
Work is now kicking back into high gear — in the near future we hope to get roof insulation, ceiling drywall, rough electrical wiring, and a garage. Our winter has been largely snow-free, a fortunate circumstance I attribute to Ted's and my purchase of a heavy-duty snowblower and season lift tickets at Stratton and Okemo. So I hope to have lots of thrilling new photos soon.

Random Bits
Basement rim joist areas; holes cut for plumbing traps under tubs and showers; cracks between finish flooring and baseboards; utility chases that hide pipes or ducts; plumbing vent pipe penetrations; kitchen soffits above wall cabinets; fireplace surrounds; recessed can light penetrations; poorly weatherstripped attic access hatches; and cracks between partition top plates and drywall.


Re: Winter progress
Lucy Foxworth — January 9, 2012Couple of things - looks like Ted is using his injured arm. That's nice to see.
You obviously chose what they call on Green Building Advisor "innie" windows which seem to be the most durable and energy efficient way to install windows in a superinsulated house. Would you give a few details about framing around the windows with the exterior insulation? Did they do jamb extensions or fur it out?
Also on a previous post when the windows were installed, you talked about preparing the window rough openings. Could you elaborate on that in future post?
I know you guys are busy. Your site helps other people build better houses. Thank you.
Lucy
Re: Winter progress
Lucy Foxworth — January 10, 2012I re-read your DIY post and see that you described the windows as the current challenge - "oddly costly and complicated 3-D jigsaw puzzle of rigid foam insulation, lumber, and AZEK."
Windows with exterior foam are a pain that way, but absolutely worth it. I also think choosing the innie window is the way to go even if it is more complicated and you don't get the deep interior window sills with outie windows.
Look forward to more details as they come available.
Thank you for sharing your experiences.
Lucy
Re: Winter progress
Andrea — February 5, 2012Hi Lucy,
Sorry it's taken me a month to reply. We actually did innie windows on the north wall (allowing the windows to swing all the way open) and mid-wall windows on the south wall. We did this to pick up a little more solar gain (less shading at the top of the windows).
The four inches of exterior polyiso meant we couldn't have a true outie window, which would have been least expensive to frame. But I suppose that would have meant lower performance, since we wouldn't be able to insulate any of the frame.
We'll post some more of the details later, but the short answer is that you should factor in some extra $$ for passivhaus window installation. The windows themselves go in quickly, but the trim is going to be complicated nearly any way you slice it.
Andrea
Re: Winter progress
Evan — January 7, 2012Looks like the home is coming along quite well - looking forward to one day taking on a project as big as the both of you ... :)
Re: Winter progress
Andrea — February 5, 2012Be careful what you wish for! ;-)
The good news is that there will be more and more resources for passivhaus construction in North America. Ted and I recently discovered a company in Brooklyn called Four Seven Five that imports weird and essential building products from Europe. It would have saved us multiple headaches if we'd had access to their passivhaus gaskets and vapor retarding membranes.
Re: Winter progress
Nick Barnes — January 4, 2012Are you going to run DC anywhere, or is it all going through the inverter? What voltage do you get out of the PV anyway? It occurred to me that some stuff such as LED lighting might take it straight. Or, for that matter, your computers, laptops, TVs, etc - given time, patience, and a soldering iron.
Re: Winter progress
John O'Brien — January 3, 2012Andrea,
Looking very good! What roof slope do you have going on? I've been debating whether to go with the cathedral ceilings, or to just go flat roofs at 9'. The lofts are a pretty neat touch.
Re: Winter progress
Andrea — January 3, 2012Hi John,
The roof is a 3:12 pitch. We love how it looks, but it's added much more cost than we anticipated. It pushed us deep into "custom home" territory, meaning we couldn't do a lot of standard (i.e. cheaper) things with the roof and attic insulation. With a 9' flat ceiling you won't need to build crazy platforms just to install drywall and insulation!
I'm sure Ted can tell you more about the myriad ways our cathedral ceiling has complicated our project. But it sure looks cool, and we're pretty excited about those lofts.
Best wishes,
Andrea
Re: Winter progress
John O'Brien — January 3, 2012Hah... Consider yourself my guinea pig. You've made some choices that I had contemplated, so any recommendations on what not to do the next time is very useful!!